|
Coahuiltecan people is a collective name for the many small, autonomous bands of Native Americans who inhabited southernmost Texas, the Rio Grande valley and adjacent Mexico. The Coahuiltecans were hunter-gatherers. First encountered by Europeans in the sixteenth century, they became victims of disease and slavery or were killed during the long wars against the Spanish, criollo, Apache or other Coahuiltecan groups. The survivors were absorbed into the Hispanic population of southern Texas or northern Tamaulipas. In 1886, ethnologist Albert Gatschet found perhaps the last survivors of Coahuiltecan bands: 25 Comecrudo, 1 Cotoname, and 2 Pakawa. They were living near Reynosa, Mexico.〔Powell, J. W. ''7th Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, 1885-1886''. Washington: GPO, 1891, p. 68〕 ==Brief Overview== The name given to the Coahuiltecans derives from Coahuila, the state in which some of them lived. The word ''Coahuila'' derives from a Nahuatl word. The Coahuiltecans lived in the flat, brushy, dry country of southern Texas, roughly south of a line from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico at the nose of the Guadalupe River to San Antonio and hence westwards to around Del Rio. They lived on both sides of the Rio Grande. Their neighbors along the Texas coast were the Karankawa, and inland to their northeast were the Tonkawa, both tribes possibly related by language to some of the Coahuiltecans.〔Moore, R. E. "The Texas Coahuiltecan people" (), accessed 16 Feb 2012〕 To their north were the Jumano and, later, the Lipan Apache and Comanche. Their indefinite western boundaries were the vicinity of Monclova, Coahuila, and Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, and southward to roughly the present location of Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, and the Sierra de Tamaulipas. People of similar hunting and gathering livelihood lived throughout northeastern Mexico. Although living near the Gulf of Mexico, most of the Coahuiltecans were inland people. Near the Gulf for more than both north and south of the Rio Grande, there is little fresh water, which limited the opportunity to live near and exploit coastal resources. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Coahuiltecan people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|